Lifestyle Resources

Performing Magic for Kids

You have just discovered the wonderful world of magic. Trip
after trip to the magic shop has added to your ever growing
arsenal of magic tricks. Thirty-three days later the credit card
bills arrive to remind your wife that this IS an expensive
hobby.

No problem! You will make back all of the money you’ve spent and
more by becoming a part-time professional magician. Looking
around for places to hone your craft, you suddenly remember that
you niece has a seventh birthday coming up. You call you sister
and offer your services in lieu of a gift.

Two weeks later the performance time arrives. You pack all of
your “A” material into two large cardboard boxes. You start the
show for sixteen first graders and all of your relatives. The
show goes well. Everybody is laughing and having a good time.
You take some theatrical pauses to build suspense as you search
your boxes for the next great trick. Finally, your fifteen
minute show concludes after fifty-three minutes. You never
realized you had that much great magic. The kids cheer and
applaud for your debut magic show. Even your sister, wiping the
tears from her eyes, says, “I have never had more fun than I did
watching your magic show. It was great. John got it all on tape.”

This is how many part-time professional magicians attempt to
begin their career. They look around and decided that doing kid
shows is the best way to start. Performing magic for kids is one
of the most difficult areas of magic to do well. This article
explores some of the challenges of performing children’s magic.

–You are training children–

Children don’t understand many of the common cues in a live
performance. Most children are raised in the age of television.
Not a bad thing, except the laugh tracks prompt the children
when to laugh. No laugh tracks and the children are left out in
the cold. They are quick and will get up to speed in no time.
But they need your help.

The same issue is even more problematic with applause. Children
are not used to clapping. They don’t understand applause cues.
Those wonderfully timed applause cues will leave you and your
audience with a lot of uncomfortable silence.

What can be done? Everything. One of your most important tasks
as a children’s magician is your opening. The beginning of your
show must do four things:

•Establish audience control •Teach the children to react to
applause cues •Set the tone for the show •Introduce your
performing personality

The audience needs to be warmed up prior to your magic show. It
seems hokey and a waste of time, but it can make the difference
between a great magic show and a horrible one.

Children love to have fun. Even in school children are taught to
obey those in authority. For some reason, many magicians forget
to establish authority early in the show. The result resembles a
saloon brawl in the wild west.

When you step out for the start of your show, you have the
perfect opportunity to establish the ground rules for the show.
I don’t mean that you should bring out a list of house rules for
the show. Instead come out with confidence and warm up your
audience.

After you welcome everyone to the show, look out over the
audience and say, “This looks like a really great crowd. Let’s
see how loud you can clap. On the count of three ONE. . . TWO .
. THREE . .Not bad! Let’s try it again. On three . . .” After
some byplay conclude by saying, “What do we do when we like the
magic? (pause) What do we do when we LOVE the magic?” (pause and
react strongly to the crowd)

Four things are being done by that warm up. You have taught the
children to clap when they like the magic. It also trains them
to react to the applause cues in the rest of the show. The warm
up establishes that you are in control for this show. Finally,
it sets a fun tone for the show. This is the first time your
audience gets a sense of your performing personality.

–You are not performing for the kids–

You will learn quickly that the most difficult task facing the
children’s performer is to design the show to appeal to children
and adults at the same time and at different levels. No I don’t
mean filling your performance with phrases that have sexual
double meanings. Nothing is more pathetic and unprofessional
than the performer that gets a child on stage and slyly eyes the
adults in the crowd and says “Do I have a big magic wand or
what? ”

Children’s cartoons provide the best examples of the point I am
trying to make. Take Loony Toons or Spongebob Squarepants for
example. These cartoons work for children and adults on
different levels at the same time. This is what you must achieve
to be a successful children’s magician

This is very difficult thing to pull off. This is one of the
main reasons that doing children’s magic is so difficult. You
must DESIGN your show for both audiences. One key to the show
design is your performing personality.

–You are not yourself today–

When you perform magic for children, you must have a distinctive
and appealing performing personality. Long gone are the days
when the children’s magician can come out on stage in a second
hand tux and wow his audience with a formal magic show. Look at
Silly Billy, one of the most successful children’s magicians.
His performing personality is fun and engaging. His show tone is
fast paced and humorous.

Even beyond children’s magic, examine the performing
personalities of children’s television. Captain Kangaroo, Mr.
Rodgers, and Peewee Herman are examples of compelling performing
personalities. Each one was successful, yet, had very different
performing personalities. The common factor was that each
performer engaged children through fun.

Your performing personality must engage you audience, children
and adults, with fun and wonderment. You must draw your audience
into the show by your performing personality, but you must wow
them with a well designed show that delivers great magic. This
is why doing children’s magic is so tough.

If you want to start your career in magic as a children’s
magician, think again. Kids are brutally honest. There is
nothing tougher or more satisfying than have a great children’s
magic show. Being a children’s magician is not the best way to
become a part-time professional magician.

Find out more about perfroming for kids at Learn-Great-M
agic-Tricks

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Shopping tips for Collectible Figurines

Precious Moments collectible figurines are among the most
popular in the world. Doe-eyed boys and girls made in pastel
ceramics adorn the shelves, dressers, and display areas of
countless homes. There are numerous types and styles of
figurines that people can buy to build a personal collection in
addition to the dolls and bears that so many shoppers enjoy.

When shopping for your favorites, check to be sure that the item
is genuine. Copycat manufacturers abound, much to a shopper’s
chagrin, so look at the signature label and sales tag to see if
you are purchasing the collectible that you’re after. If in
doubt, ask the sales associate for assistance. Examine it
carefully for cracks, stains, or other possible impurities that
could make the piece ineligible for return if you find the
problem after getting it home.

Try to shop on a sale day. Often, there are special events
advertised in the newspaper or on television to let consumers
know that these special products will be available at reduced
cost for a limited amount of time. Shopping these events can
save you money while maintaining the high standard of quality
that you are searching for. If a sale has not been advertised
recently, you can check with your favorite stores to see if they
know whether one will be coming up.

Another option is to contact the manufacturer directly. You can
visit the online Website or write a letter if you prefer. A
telephone call to the toll-free number (if one is available) is
another way to inquire about upcoming promotions or sales events
as well as possible discounts. You can always check Ebay or
Amazon as well if you don’t mind buying used. With collectible
items, this may not matter if you plan to hold on to the item
for collector’s purposes with a view to eventually selling
valuable pieces.

To get some ideas for starting a collection, visit specialty
shops or ask a few friends or relatives for suggestions. You may
prefer to do some online browsing by searching for
“collectibles” and (add a subject word) to find items of
personal interest. Then find a safe, attractive storage or
display area for your new items. Continue to add pieces as
funding becomes available. Over time, you will be able to enjoy
the variance and value of your collection before selling it or
passing it along to someone else who will enjoy it as much as
you have.

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Stress-Free Scrapbook Journaling Ideas

Do you find it intimidating when you come to journal your
scrapbook pages?

You are not alone! Many scrapbookers find it hard to get started
when it comes to adding journaling to their scrapbooking layouts.

If you are one of those people who go blank at the thought of
having to journal, don’t worry. Here are some stress-free
scrapbooking journaling ideas to help you write the right words
whatever your page theme.

Make a list. This is a fairly simple journaling technique that
is suitable for use with any type of page theme, for example:

Doing a friendship page - list how you met, where you met, how
long you have known each other, include what you like about your
friend and why you are both pals.

Doing a recipe scrapbook page - then make a personal top 10 list
of reasons why you like Grandma’s chocolate cake so much.

Doing a baby layout - do a list of baby’s favorite foods, you
can even do one for the foods they don’t like!

A variation of this technique is to use bullet points to mark
each line on your list, giving you an opportunity to empathise
each item of your journaling:

- Anguilla

- April 2004

- My first trip to the Caribbean

- This is the view from my hotel balcony overlooking the cove -
I can’t wait to go swimming the sea looks so nice!

Make sure you have fun experimenting with all the different
kinds of embellishments that you can use as your bullet points!

Another bonus with using the list technique is that you do not
need to worry about the structure of your sentences or that your
journaling makes sense because the list breaks down what you
want to say into it’s basic readable form.

Write a Letter. This is one of those great scrapbook journaling
ideas that’s fairly simple to do and it’s also a lovely,
personal way to journal your layouts too.

All you have to do is pretend you’re writing to a friend telling
them what is happening in your photographs and including the
“Dear ….” at the beginning of your writing will give your
journaling an intimate feel.

Sent any emails lately? Like letters, emails are also a good
source of journaling material that you can use for your layouts.

If you are unsure of your own journaling then doing it in a
letter format could help your writing flow more easily, as you
describe the people and the events taking place, letting you
tell the story naturally and in your own words.

Ask a question. If you are completely stuck and cannot think of
anything to write this can be a good quick fix technique to use.
Just ask some simple questions like, “What was your favorite
part of..?” or “Did anything funny or embarrassing happen?”.

This technique can be very effective when used for a special
occasion layout, like a bridal shower, where you can ask each of
the guests to tell you about their favorite memory of the
bride-to-be.

Why not take it a stage further? Give each shower guest some
suitable decorative paper and let them write down their own
memories rather than journal all of them yourself.

For an extra special touch, you could get the guests to bring
with them their favorite photo of the bride-to-be. Ask them to
journal why they picked that particular picture and then do a
separate layout for each individual photo.

This is an effective way to make a wonderful and unique
scrapbook that is quick, simple and full of memorable pieces of
journaling that add a very personal feel to the album.

If you are one of those people who find it difficult to begin
the journaling process these fun scrapbook journaling ideas will
provide you with some basic tips and techniques to help make it
easier.

So go on, try out the scrapbook journaling ideas above for
yourself and add some stress-free journaling to your pages…
Once you’ve finished you’ll see that it’s been well worth the
effort.

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How to select the best laminate flooring for you

Hardwood flooring - its’ traditional look is almost timeless, its’ beauty is unmatchable. However, it’s pretty hard to maintain a hardwood floor, not to mention the price you have to pay for it. Even with the most recent floor treatments they will still scratch, fade, dent and stain in a rather small amount of time. That’s why laminate flooring was invented. Because it’s machine made and its’ top layer is a hardwood photographic laminated surface, laminate has the look and appeal of real hardwood floors, but it’s more durable and it requires less maintenance.

Unlike real hardwood floors, laminate flooring is more resistant to scratching, staining, fading and denting. Laminates warranty range from 10 years to lifetime and it covers all of the bad things mentioned above, while entry level laminates come with a 10 to 15 years one. But they are designed for light traffic areas. I mentioned this because many people mistake and think that they will remain the same if used in a high traffic area during the warranty period. This is not true. Used in a high traffic area, they will begin to show wear and tear rather quick (usually within 3 to 5 years).

Remember that choosing the right laminate flooring is not as easy as it seems, but by doing that, you will save money in the long run. Just think of things like the amount of time you are planning on staying in that house or the amount of traffic, because there is no point in buying really expensive laminate flooring with extended warranty if you know that you are moving sometime in the near future. Another thing you should know is that people usually replace the floor first when moving in a new house, so, with expensive laminate with an extended warranty, you will either pay an amount of money for nothing, or for the people who will move in after you.

A thing you should consider when buying laminate flooring for bathrooms or kitchens is it’s core. A thicker core is more stable, less vulnerable and sounds more like the real hardwood floor when walked on. Quality laminate cores are treated with water repellent chemicals. Also consider buying laminates with Paraffin wax impregnated joints, as this wax acts as a water repellent and prevents water from penetrating down to the core.

As glueless locking mechanisms has been introduced to the market, laminate flooring has become the perfect choice for households because it has a quicker installation, it’s easier to repair and it can be installed by people without experience or specialized tools. This will save you a considerable amount of money.

Laminate flooring enthusiasts unite! Installation, maintenance, selection, e.g., Harmonics, Pergo, Shaw, Mannington - you name it, we are talking about it. Join us at http://laminateflooring.oncloud8.com

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Why Your Cardiovascular Workouts Might Be A Big Waste Of You

What if I were to tell you that most if not all of the cardiovascular exercise you do was worthless? Well, guess what… over 50% of the people who perform cardio in an attempt to burn fat are wasting their time… hours and hours of it! Are you one of them?

Before you call me crazy, let me explain. I’m not saying that cardiovascular exercise can’t or doesn’t burn fat; it’s just that most people are not performing the right type of cardio workouts. Before I get into the details, let me first cover some of the basics.

Just like anything in life, if you want to be successful you must do two things:

1. Know what you’re doing (or learn); be knowledgeable

2. Have a plan (detailed/well thought out)

How Cardio Exercise Affects Your Body

Well, I’m going to make sure that after reading this today you will be able to do both. So let’s start with your knowledge. It’s critical that you understand how your body works and what happens when you exercise.

The human body is constantly burning a mix of fuels or energy sources: fat and glycogen. Glycogen is energy stored in muscle cells that is primarily used during intense muscle contractions. Some examples of these intense muscle contractions would be strength training, running, hard physical work, etc. So basically, during low to moderate activity levels, your body first uses what’s in the blood stream and then uses primarily fat.

When you are highly active you use more glycogen and less fat. You are probably wondering what all this has to do with you and your cardio workouts… right? Well, it matters… a lot!

There are different benefits of different level of activity. Let me explain to you the system use, why I use it, and why it’s the most effective. I recommend three basic level of cardiovascular exercise:

Level 1: Long easy workout (ex. walking 60 minutes

Level 2: Moderate intensity / moderate time (ex. fast walk 45 minutes)

Level 3: Short, hard workout (ex. running 20 minutes)

NOTE: It doesn’t matter what activity or piece of equipment you choose. All that matters is that you get to the desired level.

Let’s talk about what happens at each of the three levels. When exercising at the Level 1 pace, your body burns more colonies from fat, HOWEVER the total number of calories is small. In order for you to burn a lot of body fat at the easy level you would need to do it for hours at a time! Not too practical is it? This is not to say there aren’t benefits because there are…it’s just not the best choice when it comes to fat loss. The primary benefit is increased blood flow and circulation, which means you’ll feel better, you’ll recover more quickly, and you’ll be healthier in general.

Ok, let’s talk about Level 2 now. At this level you burn more calories but less are from fat. Moderate work will result in a larger increase in metabolism than the easy Level 1 and will last 2-6 hours in most cases. You also get the benefits of increased blood flow but you also have to remember that it’s a bit more stressful than Level 1. The main benefit, or I should say possible benefit is increased endurance (cardio/respiratory) IF your workouts are progressive (challenge the body’s systems to work harder over time nearly each workout if possible).

Last but not least Level 3. At this level you burn the most calories per unit of time. You also burn less fat during the workout, but the plus side is you deplete muscle glycogen which means you’ll be les likely to store “new” fat because any excess calories will be stored in the muscles instead. This typed of workout also results in the largest increase in metabolism, which will generally last 4-24 hours or more.

The Level 3 workout is by far the most effective when it comes to fat loss for four reasons:

1. Burn more calories in less time

2. Largest increase in metabolism that lasts the longest

3. Helps to add and maintain muscle tissue

4. Depletes muscle glycogen which means you’re less likely to store new fat

So what’s your goal? As you can see there are benefits at each level and how often you perform each workout should be based on your goals. You can get the benefits of all three but you must be cautious in how you structure your program. Here are some general guidelines to follow:

If your primary goal is:

Fat loss 1-3 Level 3 (10-20 mins) 1-2 Level 2 (20-30 mins) 1-2 Level 1 (40-60 mins) - Optional

Endurance 1 Level 3 (10-20 mins) 2-3 Level 2 (20-40 mins) 1-2 Level 1 (40-60 mins)

General Fitness 1 Level 3 (10-20 mins) 1-2 Level 2 (20-30 mins) 1-2 Level 1 (40-60 mins)

So to recap, you really need to know what your goals are, and what levels you need to be at and how often. On the following page is a chart that gives you the heart rate zones for all 3 of the workouts based on your age.

NOTE: If you are on blood pressure regulating medication you should first consult with your doctor and reduce the numbers by 10 each. If you are not currently exercising or have not exercised at the different levels before I advise you build up your intensity slowly.

If you would like more information on cardiovascular exercise please give me a call. You reach me at 240-731-3724 or by emailing jesse@achieve-fitness.com Heart Rate Based Cardiovascular Exercise Guidelines

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Intensity

Long + easy

Moderate

Short + hard

Approx. time

30-60 mins

30-45 mins

10-30 mins

Benefits

Increased blood flow and circulation, general health benefits

Increased cardio and respiratory endurance

Largest increase in metabolism, increased cardio and respiratory output

Heart Rate Zones

Age
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70

114-138
108-132
108-132
102-126
102-126
100-120
96-118
96-118
90-114
90-114
84-108
84-108

144-162
138-162
138-156
132-150
132-150
126-144
118-136
118-136
114-132
114-126
108-126
108-120

162-185
162-180
156-176
150-168
150-168
144-162
136-154
136-154
132-152
126-150
126-150
120-138

About the Author

Jesse Cannone is a certified personal trainer and author of the best-selling fitness ebook, Burn Fat FAST. Be sure to sign up for his free email course as it is full of powerful weight loss and fitness tips that are guaranteed to help you get the results you want. http://www.guaranteed-weightloss.com
info@guaranteed-weightloss.com

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Carrom

Carrom is a board game played by 2 or 4 players against each
other. The principles of carrom are very similar to pool,
snooker or billiards (without the cues). The objective of carrom
is to pot all your carrom pieces before your opponent, using
skill, determination and a little bit of luck.

Carrom itself in various forms originates from Asia and carrom
is played all over the world. This game has many names including
(Indian billiards, carrum, carom, karum, or karrum). The carrom
board and carrom pieces are usually made from wood although
acrylic strikers and pieces are often used as well.

Carrom is becoming more and more popular and there are now
carrom competitions and carrom tournaments with Big Cash Prizes
and carrom clubs where you can meet other players and socialise.

If you are looking for a fun and interesting board game this is
ideal whether you have ever played before or not. Carrom is now
being played in clubs across the UK. Carrom and the Carrom
Association UK were also recently featured on Zee TV, going out
to millions of viewers worldwide.

Carrom - Visit Carrom
Shop for all your carrom board game products.

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How to dry Roses

There are many reasons why you might want to dry your roses:
Many people want to keep a memento of a special moment, perhaps
from a wedding they went to, a special holiday or maybe the
flowers were a gift from a mate, a friend, or family member.

Whatever your reasons for doing it, this is the section where
you will learn to dry your roses properly. There two ways that
you can dry your roses that are a cheap and relatively easy.

Air Drying

Air drying is by far the easiest and most inexpensive method of
drying flowers, including roses. It is easy to do; all you have
to do is follow these simple instructions.

Whenever I receive roses as a gift, I dry them to prolong my
enjoyment of them. I have used them to create dried
arrangements, potpourri, and many times have added them to
centerpiece arrangements.

Supplies:

Roses (tend to dry darker than original color)

Twine

Hairspray (optional)

Arrange your roses in a vase with water and floral preservative,
as you would with a regular arrangement. Allow roses to
partially open, remove them from the vase, tie a string around
the bottom of the stems and hang the bunch upside down in a dry
place (such as an attic or garage).

Depending on humidity levels, it will take about two weeks for
the roses to completely dry. Test for dryness by gently
squeezing a bud and if it is soft to the touch, you will need to
give it more time.

When the flowers/buds are firm, untie them, spray with hairspray
to prevent crumbling, and arrange as desired.

Sand Drying

1. Start by picking the roses that are in perfect condition.
They shouldn’t have any dew on them and the stems should be dry
as well.

2. You can reinforce the stems and blossom with either white
glue or florist wire.

3. For florist wire, you will want to cut off most of the stem.
Leave about one inch of stem.

4. Push about 3 inches of wire through the stem and right
through the flower head.

5. Next, you want to bend the end of the wire into a hook over
each rose head and pull it down. This helps to keep the head
secured to the stem.

6. When choosing to use the glue, begin by diluting the glue in
a dab of water.

7. You will take a toothpick and dab a thin coat of the glue
mixture at the base of each petal.

8. Next, you will work the glue into the base of the stems of
each flower so that you can attach each petal to the base, wait
till the glue dries completely.

9. Now for the sand, slowly and carefully cover the flowers with
sand in deep open boxes.

10. Make the sand in the box deep enough to hold the flowers
upright.

11. Sit each flower in the sand filled box and slowly pour sand
around the base, around the sides, and over and under the
petals. You should pour the sand evenly so that you can preserve
the flowers natural shape.

12. You will want to wait for the flowers to dry while facing
upright.

13. Put the boxes with the roses in a dry space that is warm and
brightly lit. This will ensure that your roses will maintain
their bright color.

14. Let them dry for one to three weeks.

15. If you want more muted colors, you will want to dry them in
a more humid area.

16. To remove the sand, tip the drying Container slightly so
that the sand can fall off the flowers.

17. Remove each flower one by one.

Now you have successfully learned how to dry your roses so that
they are ready for you to do whatever you’d like with them.
These dried flowers will make great decorations for any room in
your house or office, or whatever else you’d like to do.

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Japanese Kanji Tattoos - Meaning of Kanji Characters

Japanese kanji characters are so expressive and artistic. Basically they are ideographic characters, which means that each Kanji character represents a whole object, idea, or meaning in a visually expressive way. It is a very popular choice among those seeking Japanese style tattoo designs. With Kanji style characters, you can easily create and express nearly any meaning you want.

However, it is a good idea to keep in mind before you decide upon a tattoo that kanji is based on a different form of language and is unlike english in its construction. Be should be sure to spend time researching the authenticity of each symbols’ meaning. It could be rather embarrassing to learn later on after you have been tattooed that the Kanji tattoo you thought meant one thing turned out to be something completely different.

If you don’t speak Japanese it is very hard to find characters that say what you want and are not something that will turn heads with native japanese speakers for all the wrong reasons. Trusting a non native speaking tattoo artist is recommended either as the tattoo artist may be as much in the dark as you are. It is highly recommended that you do your reasearch before rushing off to get a kanji tattoo character done.

Celebrities with Kanji Tattoos

Alyson Hannigan - Actress (Buffy and American Pie)

Janet Jackson - singer/actress

Kelis - singer

Alyssa Milano - Charmed TV Show

Pink - singer

Britney Spears - singer

READ THIS before you get a Japanese Kanji Tattoo!

Read more tattoo articles by Declan O’Reilly

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HOW SENIOR CITIZENS CAN PROTECT THEMSELVES AND THEIR HOMES

There is no doubt that crime affects all of us in one way or
another. Crime statistics show that all ages will face the
possibility of violence, burglary, assault or something similar
at some time in their lives.

Personal protection and self-defense are stressed in the media.
There are numerous personal safety products and videos on the
market; the opportunity to protect yourself exists. We market
these products and ideas to young adults, families and
especially to women. However, there is one group whom we seem to
have forgotten. These people perhaps need self-defense products
as much as or more than the above groups. I’m referring to
grandparents, senior citizens and widows.

This group faces the same dangers as the rest of us. Too, many
of them are caregivers and/or guardians for their grandchildren.
When their adult children stay at home or move back to the
parents’ home, the possibility exists that there will be a clash
between the two generations. Some form of violence or abuse
could occur. Many senior citizens live alone. They all deserve
the same protection as anyone else. Yet they have not adequately
been made aware of what is available for personal and home
protection.

I can make these observations because I am a member of that
group. I am a grandparent and a senior at 60 years young. Yes, I
market self protection products, so I quickly saw that the
demographics were targeted to 19-45 year olds. I believe we need
to rethink this because too many senior citizens simply don’t
know what is available to protect them and their peace of mind.

I also feel that I can speak from experience about the issue. My
mother was sexually assaulted and beaten in her own home by 2
guys who were high on dope and alcohol. She was 85 at the time
and had nothing to protect herno mace, no pepper spray, no stun
gun. She lived eight months after that incident. My late
mother-in-law was a widow and lived by herself in her own home.
She was constantly fearful of sounds at night, her neighborhood
and the bad element that cruised up and down her street. She
knew nothing about self-defense products; her peace of mind was
always affected.

Personally, I have been the victim of burglars three times. They
took electronic equipment from my home and all my tools from the
garage. If I had known then about such devices as personal
alarms, wireless alarms and driveway alarms, none of the losses
would have occurred.

My daughter has been a victim of spousal abuse. Her
three-year-old daughter (the sunshine in my life) witnessed much
of this. When I see how some people have little or no respect
for the rights and property of others, I worry for her as she
gets older. My daughter carries pepper spray on her keychain; I
bought it for her.

You have experiences similar to mine and can relate to my
concerns. Perhaps it’s your father or mother, your grandparents,
other loved ones. They need to be aware of self protection
products for their safety and well-being. Yes we tell them what
to look for and what to do if they are involved in a dangerous
situation, but we don’t inform them of products available to use
in such predicaments.

Granted, it might not be wise for them to use all the
self-defense products, but they should know that stun guns, stun
alarm flashlights, cell phone stun guns, pepper pagers, pepper
spray, personal alarms, home protection devices, and the new
stunning ring are available for their use.

So, how do we remedy this situation? If you have grandparents or
even parents who are seniors, tell them about these products.
The electronic and print media could produce special segments on
the use of such products. Those of us with web sites can target
this group of people. Law enforcement officials often have
seminars informing seniors how to protect their homes and
themselves. Sessions could be scheduled demonstrating
self-defense products and the use of them.

With more attention and focus on senior citizens, this oversight
could be corrected. They have as much right to protect
themselves as anyone else.

For information on home security and self-defense products,
visit www.safetyenforcer.com.

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Part IV- Different Types of Home Foundations and When to Use Each

The foundation is the first piece of a home to be
constructed and creates a base for the rest of a home’s
components. There are three types of foundations that are
commonly used in the U.S.: slab, crawlspace, and basement.

Slab Foundation

Slab is a type of foundation consisting of a structural concrete
slab poured directly on the grade. No accessible space exists in
slab construction. Slab foundations are popular in areas (i.e.
the Southern United States) where there is a relatively high
water table. (Water table refers to the depth in the soil at
which you find water).

Crawlspace Foundation

A crawlspace is an accessible space with limited headroom,
typically between the soil and the bottom of the first floor of
a home. Crawlspace construction is predominant in areas where
there is heavy clay content in the soil.

Basement Foundation

A basement is an accessible space between the soil and the
bottom of the first floor of a home. It usually has more
headroom than a crawlspace. Basement foundation construction is
predominant in cold climates where the foundation needs to be
situated below the frost level.

All three foundation types are usually constructed out of
concrete, but can also use concrete masonry units or insulated
concrete forms.

Concrete Masonry Units (CMUs) are hollow, concrete
blocks. To create the foundation wall, mortar is used between
blocks to hold them together, forming the wall.

Insulated Concrete Forms (ICFs) are made of rigid foam
insulation forms (a system of support assemblies, including
mold, hardware, and necessary bracing to hold concrete) into
which concrete is poured. Once the concrete has gained its full
strength, the outside forms, the inside forms, or both are left
in place to insulate the wall. ICFs are common in regions in
which the local building code requires the foundation to be
insulated. Another benefit is that the homeowner or builder is
able to finish basement immediately, without adding studs.

Choosing the Type of Foundation:

Homeowners and builders make decisions about which type of
foundation to use by gauging cost, needs/desires, and soil and
weather conditions. If you have high water tables then it may
not be possible to have a basement. If your land has shallow
bedrock or boulders then it may be more costly to dig a
basement. If you have a sloping lot it may be difficult to use a
slab foundation. If you have a cold climate then you may need to
dig down at least four or more feet to put the home’s footings
below frost level. If you have to go at least four feet deep
then it may be worth spending some extra money to dig a few feet
deeper and have a full basement. Also, it is easier to install
and maintain mechanical systems in basements (compared to a
crawlspace). Your builder can help you determine what type of
foundation is best suited for your area.

The choice of foundation is also affected by personal
preferences and costs. Basements can add thousands of dollars to
the cost of a home compared to the cost of a crawlspace.
However, when you consider the extra useable space created by a
basement it is some of the cheapest square footage space of a
home. If you are tight on funds and can’t afford the basement
then it may be a good idea to find a slightly smaller plan and
use the savings to create a basement. You’ll end up with a lot
more storage space and potential living space by doing this.

Changing the Type of Foundation on your home:

Almost any house plan can have its foundation changed. It’s
common for people to design a different foundation if the
available foundations do not suit their needs. If you are
currently working with a builder you may want to ask them if
they will take care of making the foundation changes for you.
Sometimes with foundation design it may be helpful for somebody
who is near you to do those changes because they will have more
knowledge about your local soil conditions and the slope of your
lot.

When changing foundation types, pay attention to where you will
put the furnace, water heater, and stairs. If you need to add
basement stairs, the basement stairs can usually be put under
other stairways or you may be able to replace a closet or small
room with basement stairs. Another common place to put basement
stairs is to replace a mechanical room with stairs and move the
mechanical items (such as the furnace and water heater) to the
basement. Sometimes space near the laundry room, or space near
the garage can be used for a basement stairs. Larger walk-in
closets are sometimes reduced in size to allow space for
basement stairs. You can often add a basement stairs to a plan
without increasing the size of the plan. However, sometimes
space may need to be added to a plan to provide room for a
basement stairs.

It should be noted that it is the owner’s full responsibility to
check with his/her local and state building authorities, his/her
builder, and the designer of the house plan to ensure that the
home meets all applicable building codes and requirements.

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